Portrait Abraham Ortelius

Who was Abraham Ortelius?

The “Orthellius” family was originally from Augsburg. Abraham Ortel (or Ortelius) was born in Antwerp in 1527. The importance of Ortelius for modern geography cannot be underestimated: he introduced the systematic use of triangulation (as scientifically worked out at the KU Leuven by the scholars Gemma Frisius and Gerard Mercator for practical surveying purposes) in geography. He began as an engraver in 1547 and entered the Antwerp guild of St Luke as “afsetter van Karten” (the Old Dutch concept of “afsetter” means colorist). His early career is that of a businessman and most of his journeys before 1560 are for commercial purposes. In 1564 he completed a “mappemonde”, an eight-leaved map of the world, which afterwards appeared in reduced form in his atlas. He became very famous during his life, as a result of which many European humanists sent him project maps for publication. In 1570 he published the (generally recognized) first modern atlas with 53 maps (on 125 atlas copies printed): the “Theatrum Orbis Terrarum”. The atlas shall more than triple in size over the next decades. This portrait engraving by Philip Galle, showing the mapmaker at 50 years old, was published in the atlas from 1579 onward. The bottom cartouche mentions the brilliant one-liner in Latin: “Ortelius gave the mortals the world to look at. Galle gave the world Ortelius (to look at)”. Ortelius died in 1598.